Broadcast programming is the practice of organizing and/or ordering (scheduling) of broadcast media shows, typically radio and television, in a daily, weekly, monthly, quarterly or season-long schedule. The executive in charge of selecting the programs and planning the schedule is sometimes the director of network programming.
Modern broadcasters use broadcast automation to regularly change the scheduling of their shows to build an audience for a new show, retain that audience, or compete with other broadcasters' shows. Most broadcast television shows are presented weekly in prime time or daily in other dayparts, though exceptions are not rare.
In the early 90’s Pastors, Larry and Tiz launched their TV program and media ministry. It has grown, expanded and is broadcast daily around the world in nearly every nation. Their program is watched and followed by hundreds of thousands of people whose lives have been dramatically impacted and changed. Watching live TV, browsing the TV guide, creating recording schedules or playing a recording, looks and feels as if the TV card was present in your local PC. Record Favorite Shows. Record a program immediately, or schedule it with a single click in the TV Guide–at the same time every day, every week, or even every time the program airs. Australia's national broadcaster. Complete ABC TV guide, Catch-up TV, download or subscribe. TV program websites. Connect and join the ABC TV online community.
At a micro level, scheduling is the minute planning of the transmission; what to broadcast and when, ensuring an adequate or maximum utilization of airtime. Television scheduling strategies are employed to give shows the best possible chance of attracting and retaining an audience. They are used to deliver shows to audiences when they are most likely to want to watch them and deliver audiences to advertisers in the composition that makes their advertising most likely to be effective.[1]
With the growth of digital platforms and services allowing non-linear, on-demand access to television content, this approach to broadcasting has since been referred to using the retronymlinear (such as linear television and linear channels).[2][3][4]
History[edit]
With the beginning of scheduled television in 1936, television programming was initially only concerned with filling a few hours each evening – the hours now known as prime time. Over time, though, television began to be seen during the day time and late at night, as well on the weekends. As air time increased, so did the demand for new material. With the exception of sports television, variety shows became much more important in prime time.
Scheduling strategies[edit]
Block programming[edit]
Block programming Mellel 3 5 2 download free. is the practice of scheduling a group of complementary programs together. Blocks are typically built around specific genres (i.e. a block focusing specifically on sitcoms), target audiences, or other factors, with their programming often promoted collectively under blanket titles (such as ABC's 'TGIF' lineup and NBC's 'Must See TV').
Bridging[edit]
Bridging is the practice of discouraging the audience from changing channels during the 'junctions' between specific programs. This can be done, primarily, by airing promos for the next program near the end of the preceding program, such as during its credits,[5] or reducing the length of the junction between two programs as much as possible (hot switching).
The host of the next program may similarly make a brief appearance near the end of the preceding program (sometimes interacting directly with the host) to provide a preview; in news broadcasting, this is typically referred to as a 'throw' or 'toss'. Owing to both programs' news comedy formats, the Comedy Central program The Daily Show similarly featured toss segments to promote its spin-off and lead-out, The Colbert Report, in which host Jon Stewart would engage in a comedic conversation with the latter's host, Stephen Colbert, via split-screen near the end of the show.[6]
A bridge was used by ABC between Roseanne and the December 1992 series premiere of The Jackie Thomas Show (which was co-created by Roseanne's Roseanne Arnold and Tom Arnold), where a scene of the Connor family watching the opening of the program seamlessly transitioned into the program itself, with no junction in between. ABC commissioned a minute-by-minute Nielsen ratings report, which showed that the majority of viewers from Roseanne had been retained during the premiere.[7][8]
In some cases, a channel may intentionally allow a program to overrun into the next half-hour timeslot rather than end exactly on the half-hour, in order to discourage viewers from 'surfing' away at traditional junction periods (since they had missed the beginnings of programs on other channels already). This can, however, cause disruptions with recorders if they are not aware of the scheduling (typically, digital video recorders can be configured to automatically record for a set length of time before and after a schedule's given timeslot in program guide data to account for possible variances).[9][10]
For a period, TBS intentionally engaged in this practice under the branding 'Turner Time', scheduling all programs at 5 and 35 minutes past the hour, rather than exactly on the half hour. This also served to attract viewers tuning away from shows that had already started on another channel, as the offset scheduling made it easier to catch the beginning of another program.[11]
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Crossprogramming[edit]
Crossprogramming involves the interconnection of two shows. This is achieved by extending a storyline over two episodes of two different shows.
Counterprogramming[edit]
Counterprogramming is the practice of deliberately scheduling programming to attract viewers away from another, major program. Counterprogramming efforts often involve scheduling a contrasting program of a different genre or demographic, targeting viewers who may not be interested in the major program (such as a sporting event, which typically draws a predominantly-male audience, against an awards show that attracts a predominantly-female audience).[12][13] Despite frequently being among the top U.S. television broadcasts of all time, the Super Bowl has had a prominent history of being counterprogrammed in this manner. One of the most prominent examples of this practice was Fox's 1992 airing of a special live episode of In Living Color against the game's halftime show.[14][15]
Counterprogramming can also involve direct competitors scheduled directly against each other.[16] In some cases, broadcasters may attempt to adjust their schedules in order to avert attempts at counterprogramming, such as getting a slightly earlier time slot (in the hope that once viewers have become committed to a show they will not switch channels), or scheduling the competing program in a different period of the season to avoid competition altogether.[17][18]
Dayparting[edit]
Dayparting is the practice of dividing the day into several parts, during each of which a different type of radio programming or television showing appropriate for that time is aired. Daytime television shows are most often geared toward a particular demographic, and what the target audience typically engages in at that time.
![Www tv media at programming Www tv media at programming](https://image.winudf.com/v2/image1/YXQudHZtZWRpYV9zY3JlZW5fN18xNTUzNzg3OTc2XzA1OA/screen-7.jpg?fakeurl=1&h=500)
- Early morning news
- Early morning
- Late morning
- Early fringe
- Lunchtime news
- Early afternoon
- Late afternoon
- Early evening
- Evening news
- Sign-off (closedown)
- Late fringe
- Post late-fringe
Hammocking[edit]
Hammocking is a technique used by broadcasters whereby an unpopular show is scheduled between two popular shows in the hope that audience flow will carry viewers into the less popular program. Public television uses this as a way of promoting serious but valuable content.
Stripping[edit]
Stripping is the practice of running a single series in a consistent, daily time slot throughout the week, usually on weekdays. First-run daytime and syndicated programs, such as talk shows, court shows, game shows, and soap operas, are typically aired in a strip format,
Syndicated reruns of network programs that originally aired on a weekly basis are often aired as strips. Shows that are syndicated in this way generally have to have run for several seasons (the rule of thumb is usually 100 episodes) in order to have enough episodes to run without significant repeats.
Besides telenovelas, primetime programs are only stripped on occasion, usually as a limited event.
Tentpoling[edit]
In tent pole programming, the programmers bank on a well-known series having so much audience appeal that they can place two unknown series on either side, and it is the strength of the central show that will draw viewers to the two other shows.
Theming[edit]
A broadcaster may temporarily dedicate all or parts of its schedule over a period of time to a specific theme. A well-known instance of a themed lineup is Discovery Channel's annual 'Shark Week'.
Themed schedules are a common practice around major holidays—such as Valentine's Day, Halloween, and Christmas—where channels may air specials, films, and episodes of their existing programs that relate to the holiday. The practice can help to attract viewers interested in programming that reflects the season. In conjunction with festive programs when relevant, a channel may also target viewers on vacation for holiday long weekends or common school breaks, by scheduling marathons of signature programs and feature film franchises the channel holds rights to, or other themed programming events.
The U.S. basic cable networks Freeform (25 Days of Christmas, 31 Days of Halloween) and Hallmark Channel are known for broadcasting long-term holiday programming events. After experiencing success with holiday events such as Countdown to Christmas, Hallmark Channel adopted a strategy of dividing its programming into themed seasons year-round (which are typically accompanied by thematically-appropriate original movies and original series), in an effort to position itself as 'a year-round destination for celebrations' (which is synergistic with Hallmark Cards' core greeting card and collectibles businesses).[19][20][21][22]
Time slot[edit]
A show's time slot or place in the schedule could be crucial to its success or failure (see tentpoling above).
A time slot can affect a program's overall audience; generally, earlier prime time slots have a stronger appeal towards family viewing and younger demographics, while later time slots, such as the 10:00 p.m. hour, generally appeal more towards older demographics. Some time slots, colloquially known as 'graveyard slots' or 'death slots', are prone to having smaller potential audiences (with one such example being Friday nights),[23] or intense competition from high-rated series.[24][25]
See also[edit]
- Radio Computing Services - automated scheduling for radio stations
References[edit]
- ^Eastman, S.T., and Ferguson, D.A. (2013). Media programming: Strategies and Practices (9th ed.), Boston: Thomson Wadsworth.
- ^Andreeva, Nellie (2019-02-12). 'Brett Weitz On TNT & TBS' Future, No 'Dark, Depressing Dramas' & More Unscripted On TNT'. Deadline. Retrieved 2019-05-14.
- ^Battaglio, Stephen. 'Network TV viewing is down, but strong demand for ads is expected to boost upfront sales'. Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2019-05-14.
- ^'In Age Of Time-Shifted Viewing, Networks Stay On Schedule'. MediaPost. Retrieved 2019-05-14.
- ^Ellis, J. (2000) Seeing Things: Television in the Age of Uncertainty, London: I.B. Tauris.
- ^Steinberg, Jacques (2005-05-04). ''Daily Show' Personality Gets His Own Platform'. The New York Times. ISSN0362-4331. Retrieved 2019-09-09.
- ^Carter, Bill. 'ABC's Extra Careful Look At 'Jackie Thomas Show'.' The New York Times, 1992-12-07, p. D8.
- ^Carter, Bill. 'As Cliff and Norm Drink Up, In Walks Seinfeld.' The New York Times, 1993-03-21, p. A31.
- ^'Why Do Americans Have the Worst DVRs?'. Slate. June 21, 2013. Retrieved September 9, 2019.
- ^'Odd timings cause TiVo to issue warning in US'. Digital Spy. May 12, 2004. Retrieved September 9, 2019.
- ^'Inside Turner's Quest to Take on Broadcast'. adage.com. 2012-04-16. Retrieved 2019-09-09.
- ^'NASCAR going head-to-head with Oscars'. U-T San Diego. Retrieved 12 January 2014.
- ^February 28; 2012. 'NBA All-Star Game's 7.1 Million Viewers Down 22% From Telecast In '11'. Sports Business Daily. Retrieved 2019-09-29.CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
- ^'Goal of spectacle colors NFL's thinking about Super Bowl halftime show'. Chicago Tribune. February 6, 2011. Retrieved January 30, 2013.
- ^Weinstien, Steve. 'Fox Tackles Super Bowl With Sly Plan : Television: The 'rebel network' hopes to siphon off viewers from CBS with a halftime show of its own featuring the gang from 'In Living Color.''. Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 15 November 2016.
- ^Powers, Martine; Moskowitz, Eric (June 15, 2013). 'July 4 fireworks gala loses its national pop'. The Boston Globe. Retrieved June 16, 2013.
- ^Plunkett, John (April 3, 2013). 'The Voice v Britain's Got Talent: scheduling wars recommence'. The Guardian. Retrieved November 13, 2017.
- ^Brown, Maggie (September 23, 2012). 'BBC pilots Tuesday night slot as it takes on ITV in the battle of the costume dramas'. The Guardian/The Observer. Retrieved November 13, 2017.
- ^Petski, Denise (2019-04-08). 'Leah Renee, Chris McNally, Dan Jeannotte, Nathan Parsons & More Cast In Hallmark Channel's 'Countdown To Summer' Movie Event'. Deadline. Retrieved 2019-04-29.
- ^Yarborough, Kaitlyn. 'Everything You Need to Know About Hallmark Channel in 2018'. Southern Living. Time, Inc. Retrieved February 21, 2018.
- ^Buckman, Adam (March 31, 2016). 'Hallmark Upfront Emphasizes Family-Friendly Programming, Focus On Holidays'. Media Daily News. Retrieved February 20, 2018.
- ^''Elf' and 'Christmas Vacation' Make Holiday Magic for AMC'. The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved 2019-03-21.
- ^'Is There Hope In Friday Night Television's 'Time Slot Of Death'?'. NPR.org. Retrieved 2019-09-09.
- ^'Upfront uproar: The inside dope on Fall TV's 5 toughest time slots'. Ad Age. 2019-05-20. Retrieved 2019-09-09.
- ^''Grimm' and other shows that have escaped the Friday Night Death Slot'. EW.com. Retrieved 2019-09-09.
Retrieved from 'https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Broadcast_programming&oldid=1009894501'
Do you have a Windows 7 PC but no TV tuner? You may be surprised to learn that you don’t need one in order to watch streaming video and even popular TV programming on your Media Center PC or extender thanks to the numerous Media Center plugins currently available. In this post, we’ll look at the TV plugins you can use with Media Center, including those specifically designed for viewing Hulu content as well as other similar plugins for streaming video.
TV/Hulu Plugins
Plugins that allow you to watch TV shows via Media Center are very popular, especially those that provide access to Hulu, the online site where major TV networks have teamed up to provide free, streaming video. There are a number of different plugins to choose from, each with their own feature set and fan base. Which one you choose to install may come down to its offerings, ease of use, price, or just personal preference.
Hulu Desktop Plugin
Fnaf without flash. The Hulu Desktop Integration 1.0 plugin offers an easy way to hop between using Windows Media Center and the Hulu Desktop application, the desktop software that complements the online site. Once installed into Windows 7 Media Center, this plugin sets up its own menu simply called “HULU.” When you click on Hulu in this menu, the software will automatically close Windows Media Center and launch Hulu Desktop already in full screen mode. When you’re finished watching the streaming videos in Hulu, you just click on “Exit” from the software’s main menu and Windows Media Center will return, it too in full screen mode. This easy switching also works with Windows Media Center remote controls but does not work with extenders like the Xbox 360.
Before installing this application, you’ll need to install Hulu Desktop. Make sure both it and Windows Media Center are closed before you install the plugin which is available for a free download here.
PlayIt Plugin
With the Playon Digital Media Server, you can stream video on your Xbox 360, HP MediaSmart TV, or any other DLNA-compliant device. However, it wasn’t until the release of the PlayIt plugin that Media Center owners could get in on the action, too. Thanks to a user by the name of Elutmann1 on Microsoft’s Green Button forums, a site for Media Center enthusiasts, the PlayIt plugin lets Media Center users connect to a PlayOn server to stream video as well as use the Media Center controls like rewind, fast forward, play, pause and stop. With PlayIt installed, you gain access to Netflix, Amazon Video on Demand, Hulu, CBS, CNN, ESPN, YouTube, and more, all of which become available for viewing within the Media Center application.
However, although the PlayIt plugin software is free of charge, the PlayOn server software is not. PlayOn is $39.99, but a free 2-week trial is available. You can download PlayOn from here then follow these instructions to install the PlayIt plugin. The plugin works on Vista Media Center and up.
For additional plugins designed to operate with PlayOn server, visit the community site at playonplugins.com where a number of developers share additional third-party plugins that works with PlayOn. For example, check out the Channel 9 plugin available here.
Boxee
Boxee is an open source media center type application that received a lot of attention in recent days thanks to its ability to stream popular TV programming to your PC or TV while also incorporating “social” elements like the ability to friend other users, rate content, and make recommendations.
Cod modern warfare official site. Within Boxee, users have access to content from major TV networks like ABC, CNN, CBS, Comedy Central, and the WB as well as online content like Blip.TV, MTV music videos, MySpaceTV, Revision3 programs, Apple movie trailers, BBC iPlayer shows, Joost, SHOUTcast, Jamendo, Last.fm, NPR, and YouTube. In addition, you can add picture displaying plugins from Flickr and Picasa and RSS feeds.
Hulu support, however, has been off and on because Hulu’s parent company, NBC Universal, was asked to remove it from Boxee by their content partners. Boxee later re-added it using Hulu RSS feeds. Again, Hulu blocked access until Boxee introduced a new architecture which uses Firefox so that Hulu now sees Boxee as a Mozilla web browser so it won’t get blocked.
Thanks to the enthusiast site, Missing Remote with help from MVP Andrew Cherry, there’s a way to added Boxee support to your Windows 7 Media Center. You’ll first need to download this zip file and extract it to your Boxee installation directory (e.g. “C:Program FilesBoxeeBoxeeMCE”). Then you’ll right-click to launch the file “installBoxee.cmd.” Detailed instructions are here. Although written for Vista Media Center, it works with Windows 7 works too.
To add Boxee onto Media Center’s start menu in Windows 7, you’ll need to navigate to Media Center’s “Extras” menu where you’ll now see Boxee listed. Right-click on the icon and choose “Add to Start Menu” from the menu that appears.
SecondRunTV
SecondRunTV is a plugin that allows you to launch the Hulu desktop application right within Media Center. Since Hulu Desktop works with a remote this makes SecondRunTV feel like it’s just another Media Center application.
The interface for SecondRunTV lets you sort through the available TV stations by Network or by Title. Movies and Trailers are separated in the two other menus. Unfortunately though, the plugin doesn’t work on extenders like the Xbox 360, so it’s only worthwhile if you do most of your TV viewing on your Media Center PC itself. You can download the SecondRun.tv plugin for free here (donations accepted), but be aware that it’s still in beta status.
TunerFree MCE
TunerFree MCE is a Windows Media Center plugin that brings several of the United Kingdom's main TV providers (BBC, ITV, Channel 4 and Five), as well as all of the BBC Radio stations to your Media Center PC and extender. They’ve also added full Hulu support for their U.S. users.
The program’s interface displays the various channels’ logos for easy access as well as a “favorites” section for tracking your most frequently watched programs. You can also sort the programming by date or search through the available content by keyword.
For a little bit of extra fun, the developer even added a Twitter section which lets you tweet what you watch right from Media Center itself. To use this feature, go into TunerFree’s preferences and enter in your Twitter credentials. You’ll then have a new Twitter icon on the TunerFree start page in Media Center.
TunerFree is a free download (donations accepted) and works on both Vista and Windows 7. (On a personal note, I use this plugin myself and found it to be one of the easiest ones to install and configure.)
HuluMCE plugin
Again thanks to the Missing Remote blog, there’s information on how to add the Hulu Desktop program to MediaCenter as a shortcut from the main screen. This is similar to the functionality provided by SecondRunTV so you would want to try one or the other, not both.
To install this plugin, you’ll need to grab the zip file called HuluMCE Plugin and unzip it into the same folder where you have the Hulu Desktop application installed. (By default - C:UsersUSERNAMEAppDataLocalHuluDesktop). There are a few more steps involved to get it properly configured which you can follow by reading through the online guide available here.
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Once installed, the HuluMCE plugin will appear in your TV+Movies menu on Vista Media Center or in your Extras menu on Windows 7 Media Center. You can then browse and view Hulu content via the plugin and you can even use your Media Center remote to control Hulu.
ZeeVee
The Zinc Internet browser is a free downloadable software program from ZeeVee, a company known for their commercial and residential solutions for HD video. With the Zinc software, you can browse through a number of channels, including major TV networks like FOX, ABC, CBS, CW, and ESPN as well as online sites like Hulu, Revision3, and YouTube.
A Green Button forum member, Rob Rogers, at one time made a ZeeVee plugin available for Windows Media Center users that lets you launch and browse ZeeVee’s Zinc player in Media Center. Sadly though, he decided to take it down because he didn’t see much interest. However, we reached out to him to ask him about it and he shared the details of how it was made in case anyone wants to duplicate his efforts.
Basically, he downloaded the HuluMCE plugin (above) and modified it to point to the Zinc files instead. That’s it. After doing so, unzip the files it contains in the same folder as your Zinc install (which you must first get from ZeeVee’s website). Typically, the installation location is %ProgramFiles%ZeeVeeZvzviewerZeeVeeMCE. Next, run the InstallZeeVee.cmd as an administrator. You’ll then find Zinc available from the Extras menu in Windows 7 Media Center or the Picture & Videos menu in Windows Vista Media Center.
TubeCore
TubeCore is one of the newer plugins for streaming TV shows from the internet via Windows Media Center. The software finds online video from websites like Hulu, CBS.com, the Onion, Revision3, and many others, and lets you watch it on your Media Center computer or on a Media Center extender like the Xbox 360.
To use TubeCore, you’ll need a Vista or Windows 7 PC, a TV connection (either direct or an extender), and media server software.
![Www tv media at programming Www tv media at programming](https://weneedfun.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Beautiful-Horse-Breeds-171-1024x733.jpg)
However, unlike some of the other plugins on this list, TubeCore is not free. You can try it for 2 weeks at no charge, but afterwards, you’ll have to purchase it if you want to continue to use it. At that time, the plugin is available for a one-time fee of $5.99. Since you are paying, though, you’re entitled to support via the company’s tech support email address and forums.
Sky Player
Just in time for Windows 7’s launch, the Sky Player add-in for Windows 7 Media Center has been announced (although not launched). This plugin, designed for UK customers, lets you watch live and on-demand programming from Sky TV’s online TV service, Sky Player. The player currently offers 24 channels as well as an online library containing 500 movies.
Existing Sky TV customers can simply install the plugin and watch the programming on their Media Center PC or extender. New customers can access the content by paying for a monthly subscription.
Image courtesy of Andrew Edney
Others of Interest
There are a few other plugins that may also be of interest to Windows Media Center users. While these below don’t provide you with access to streaming TV and movies directly, they do provide other ways to watch streaming video on your Media Center PC.
Orb
Orb is a desktop software program that lets you share files you already have on your PC with your friends, with other computers, mobile phones, and even your Xbox. Specifically, it’s designed for sharing multimedia content like videos, photos, and music.
Although not officially documented by the company, blogger Ian Dixon discovered an Orb.MCL file tucked away in the Orb directory after installing the software on his PC. As it turns out, this file was an entry point to Windows Media Center which lets you run the Orb front end via Media Center. A commenter on the blog post also explained how to manually create this file, if desired.
My Trailers and In the Movies
My Trailers and In the Movies are actually two different plugins from the same company. “My Trailers SE for MCE” allows you to watch movie trailers with via Windows Media Center while “In The Movies SE for MCE” delivers information about movies in the theaters now.
In “My Trailers” you can watch trailers for current releases as well as for movies that are coming soon. You can scroll through the releases using the left and right arrow buttons and you can maximize the playing trailer to view it full screen.
“In the Movies” has a feature called 'In Theaters' which shows you the movies that are currently playing plus a 'Showtimes' which shows you where and what time the movie you want to see is playing. 'Reviews' displays comments about the movies and 'Coming Soon' gives you a sneak peek upcoming releases. Finally, the 'Box Office' section shows the weekend box office top 50 movies.
Both plugins are Windows 7 compatible.
HD Movie Trailers
HD Movie Trailers, which is hosted on Codeplex, describes itself as a 'proof of concept.' However, a blogger over at Hack7MC.com installed it in order to add movie trailers to the information screen for each movie in his collection. Like it sounds, this plugin lets you watch HD movie trailers via Media Center, but unfortunately, you have to first download them manually and place them in that movie’s folder. You then have to create an XML file so Media Center knows where to find them.
The plugin is designed to work with MediaBrowser, which is a popular alternative UI for Media Center.
Obviously, this is one of the geekier plugins to use, but some of you may find it helpful.
Last But Not Lest, Netflix!
Of course, one of the best ways to stream movies (and TV shows available on DVD) is via Netflix. If you’re a Netflix subscriber, you can access the new option which only appeared days ago from Windows Media Center’s “Movies” menu.
The first time you click on the “Netflix” option, you’ll need to check the box agreeing to the Terms of Service and then click the “Install” button. You’ll then sign into your account or, if you don’t have one, you have the option to sign up for a free trial right there. Once signed in, you can browse through and manage your DVD queue and your instant queue as well as search through Netflix’s database of available movies.
To watch a movie from your instant queue, just click on the thumbnail and then click “Play.” The movie will begin immediately.
So Many Choices…
As you can see, there are numerous choices for watching TV and movies within Windows 7 Media Center even if you can’t afford to invest in a TV tuner card at the moment. Many of the options above are even free to install and use. Although a lot of the plugins focus on Hulu integration, a U.S.-only site, international users will still be able to take advantage of those plugins which stream other content like YouTube videos or Revision3 web shows. No matter which plugins you choose to install, you can be sure it will make Windows Media Center a lot more fun to use.